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Beyond Organic Wine
เข้าร่วมเมื่อ 3 ส.ค. 2024
Living Willow Tree Grapevine Trellis “Arbustrum” - Married Vine Vitiforestry at Hebron Vineyard
Paul Rolt of Hebron Vineyard in Wales describes this unique married vine vitiforestry system using living willow trees as the trellis for wine grapes.
The potential advantages to any married vine system include:
- A living trellis that strengthens rather than a dead trellis degrades over time
- Maintenance and management similar in type and timing with vine management and maintenance
- Increased biodiversity above and below ground
- Symbiotic connections above and below ground, enhancement and increase of soil microbial access
- These can lead to enhanced vine resilience and health, as well as greater nutrient uptake and improved flavor in the grapes and resulting wine.
You must manage these systems carefully, of course, to prevent the vine or tree from out-competing one another for light or other resources. But it is remarkably similar to working in a post and wire trellised vineyard. Paul talks about the kind of holistic thinking involved in developing and managing this kind of system. His willow coppice grove provides not only the living whips that become the arbustrum trellis, but also fuel, fencing, biomass for compost and soil building, and much more.
Willow trees have the unusual (as far as we know) ability to associate with both types of mycorrhizal fungi (ecto- and endo-). This allows them to collaborate with grapevines (who associate with endo- or arbuscular mycorrhizae) and extend the soil network many times beyond what the grapevine could do alone. Trees also grow roots to a deeper soil profile, generally, than vines, thus accessing different minerals and nutrients and bringing them up to where the vine can reach them.
The potential advantages to any married vine system include:
- A living trellis that strengthens rather than a dead trellis degrades over time
- Maintenance and management similar in type and timing with vine management and maintenance
- Increased biodiversity above and below ground
- Symbiotic connections above and below ground, enhancement and increase of soil microbial access
- These can lead to enhanced vine resilience and health, as well as greater nutrient uptake and improved flavor in the grapes and resulting wine.
You must manage these systems carefully, of course, to prevent the vine or tree from out-competing one another for light or other resources. But it is remarkably similar to working in a post and wire trellised vineyard. Paul talks about the kind of holistic thinking involved in developing and managing this kind of system. His willow coppice grove provides not only the living whips that become the arbustrum trellis, but also fuel, fencing, biomass for compost and soil building, and much more.
Willow trees have the unusual (as far as we know) ability to associate with both types of mycorrhizal fungi (ecto- and endo-). This allows them to collaborate with grapevines (who associate with endo- or arbuscular mycorrhizae) and extend the soil network many times beyond what the grapevine could do alone. Trees also grow roots to a deeper soil profile, generally, than vines, thus accessing different minerals and nutrients and bringing them up to where the vine can reach them.
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As an Italian, and having some examples of "vite maritata" (by the way, I am going to prune them today) I can tell you that the vines DO NOT WANT full sun exposure. Yes, if they have full sun exposure they may make sweeter grapes, but they surely tend to get sick. My compliments, very interesting video. And, above all, thanks to Max Paschall for your MAGNIFICENT article.
I love your podcast and videos! Thanks! When you say 'this is what I've read': what kind of books or resources are you referring to? I have found this great readinglist on your website that's all about tending the vineyorchard of your mind' (which I love), but could you recommend me some more technical resources that could help me along in my vineyard? Thanks in advance! Greetings from The Netherlands (where I grow grapes for the wine that is used in the ritual of the Eucharist/Holy Communion <3).
Great question, thanks for asking. If you go back to the Reading List on BeyondOrganicWine.com I've added a link to a full document of studies, many with links, related to Vitiforestry studies that have been conducted. I haven't gone through that list again to identify if the study I was referencing about vine hormonal shifts due to growth style, but take a look. When I find it, I'll add it here. There may have been more than one study too... But that list is a great resource, and I'm glad you inspired me to add it! Also, I think you've inspired me to add a "wine how-to" list to that page. I'll get to that soon.
@@BeyondOrganicWine Great! Thanks!
Very interesting. What I am thinking is how this will looks in a couple of years. Building a head willow where the vines can climb into might be also an option, when the willows getting to big for the trellis
Thank you for this video, the podcast was inspiring so it's nice to see it as well. This is a theory we would love to experiment with in our vineyard / orchard hybrid. Also, I'm about halfway through completing a permaculture class and this video reaffirmed my delight in taking the course...loved hearing and seeing you all discuss coppice trees, hedge rows and swales!! Another educational endeavor partially inspired by this podcast. Thanks Adam, lots of appreciation from Michigan!
Thank you! And yes, I think this system would be well suited to many parts of Michigan. It takes a bit more time because you need to grow out the willow, but saves so much money and has so many benefits over a wire/post trellis.
PIctured what this would look like in my head when I listened to the podcast. Wasn't far off! Lovely content, Adam.
Thanks!
Very interesting! So each vine have a willow pole to climb onto and each willow are tied to each other?
Exactly, and those willow poles are living... growing... along with the vine.
I hope some of these ideas help. Keep me posted!
Thanks Adam. Just found out we have voles on our property. Timely conversation. Will be implementing these practices in my vineyard.
Although netting against birds might be a little more difficult if the continuous trellis is too wide, it could also make things much easier, because it's just one sheet of netting across the top. The fruit hanging down below the trellis also keeps it out of reach of birds that might be able to reach it through the netting otherwise. You can also be underneath the netting when you harvest and not have to remove the netting to harvest.
Beautiful canopy, great setup, and utilization of vertical space. Am in my 2nd year of trying to do 4 arm cordon on my two grapes. And hoping to extend it, eventually, into overhead to provide walk through tunel. Best from MA