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Hi, can you explain what is unconfirmed?

Hi @@kishorkumarroy85 , Here are 3 best books for reference: 1: Genetics of Livestock Improvement by John F Lasely 2: Understanding Animal Breeding by Richard M. Bourdon 3: Textbook Animal Breeding and Genetics For more details and links to download these books you can read the description of the following video: th-cam.com/video/S-umpwVjOTA/w-d-xo.html

@@AnimalSciences Thank you very much, sir.

Sorry, I have no idea about it

@@Tomorrow_today-y5u it is a statistical concept which describes how strongly individuals in the same group resemble each other. By using this method, we can estimate heritability. To better understand why this or other methods used to estimate heritability, please watch other videos on this channel about partitioning phenotypic variance and estimation of heritability part 1 to part 5 in a sequence. I hope your concepts will be cleared by watching the playlist. If you still have questions after watching these videos let me know.

I'm afraid to say that you can't install R on iPad because it's only available for windows or Mac operating systems.

Broad sense heritability is the proportion of phenotypic variance that is due to total genetic variance (H2 = vG/vP). vG (genetic variance) is caused by vA (Additive variance), vD (Dominance variance) and vI (Epistatic variance). Practically, it is impossible to calculate vD and vI. Therefore, narrow sense heritability (H2 = vA/vP) is most widely estimated. Broad sense heritability can only be calculated when we have data on monozygotic and dizygotic twins. As identical twins share 100% of genes with each other and dizygotic twins share 50% of genes with each other. So, scientists developed a formula to calculate broad sense heritability using twins data because they have common genotypes and environmental and genetic sources of variance can be easily partitioned from the total phenotypic variance. I hope this makes sense. If you want to understand this topic in depth please watch the full series of heritability. You can also watch the following video on partitioning of phenotypic variance th-cam.com/video/Guf8n14hGcA/w-d-xo.htmlsi=htfeGaPW3EzFqTJa

@@AnimalSciences if you had narrow sense heritability for a trait AND you had broad sense heritability, should it be possible to use the additive variance as determined by narrow sense to "solve for" non-additive variance (ie Dominance + epistatic)? We had a paper a few years back (work of a graduate student) where we use broad sense heritability in a family study and used a mixed model that contained a kinship matrix as we knew relatedness of all individuals. I am questioning some of the assumptions...but I am really interested in how many MZ and DZ twins occur in mammalian populations, ie cattle? I am guessing narrow sense is mostly always used. Thanks again

@@KennyDay-s3i The methods discussed in these videos are for undergrad students or someone who is new to Breeding and Genetics field to provide them with basic understanding of concepts of heritability and how it can be estimated with a few examples. Nowadays, we have highly advanced methods like REML, mixed models etc. and software (ASREML, WOMBAT etc.) to partition phenotypic variance into different components. You're right about broad sense heritability, it is almost impossible to estimate it and narrow sense heritability is most widely estimated in Genetic studies.

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ek mahina agadi nai poultry breeding padhna thaldeko 😮

Thanks, good luck with your assessment.

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Hi, I think you mean column not colonne? Normally, when you export a data set in a CSV file it automatically assigns each variable to a separate column

@@AnimalSciences Oui, désolé!. I was expecting each variable in separate columns but that didn't happened, I don't know whether the problem is cause is a mac or what I could do? because for the moment all goes to one single column.

@@MichelleDiaz-f8n There might be a problem in your data set

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Close MS Word and then repeat the steps. Hope it will work

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Couldn't understand. Can you elaborate?

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Thanks, I will try to cover this topic in future

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Can you highlight any wrong information? Thanks!

@@AnimalSciences 1. range of repeatability is 0 to 1. 2. Information on Grouping of repeatability as low, medium & high should be given

@@hardik.sharma1 Repeatability is the correlation between repeated records of a trait in a population and it can range from -1 to 1. However, it's very rare that you get negative value for Repeatability but still it's possible to get negative value of Repeatability. For better understanding of this topic I would recommend you to go through the Repeatability topic in 'Understanding Animal Breeding Book by Richard M. Bourdon'.

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Thanks, from Pakistan

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R is a programming language (software), that is used for statistical analysis and data visualization.

@@AnimalSciences Thank you for the reply Could R be used for Lotteries and or pattern recognition within lotteries?

@@1realtruthrightnow742 it can be... But you should be expert in statistics.

Couldn't understand what exactly you're asking. Can you elaborate it?

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Heritability is the proportion of phenotypic variance that is due to genotypic variance. Mathematically, it can be expressed as vG/vP. So, this is how it is expressed but to actually calculate it you need to have calculated phenotypic and genetic variance first. To calculate phenotypic and genetic variance scientists have developed different methods which are explained in this video. It is also explained in this video why it is very difficult to calculate broad sense heritability. All of these methods are based on ways to calculate similarities or differences in living organisms. For example, correlation tells us the strength of relationship between two variables. So, correlation can be used to calculate heritability. I hope you got the point. If you want to fully understand these concepts then you can watch the videos series on heritability and methods to estimate heritability.

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You can get more details on this topic from the book Understanding Animal Breeding by Richard M. Bourdon

Although this isn't a comedy channel, I'm happy to know that I was able to make you laugh. Thank you 😊

​@@AnimalSciences It's not meant to be a sad world I hope you are doing alright!!!

@@AnimalSciences hiiii sir just kidding 😂 Don't mind

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Yes, only for computer

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