Pacea Bordeaux
Pacea Bordeaux
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Virtual microscopy
Using the Virtual microscope application and its dental histology module, students in evolutionary anthropology will be able to practice adjusting a microscope, observing thin slides to study the different microstructures preserved inside dental tissue and obtain information on the growth of the individuals they belonged to, the stresses to which they were subjected, or even the seasons when prey were killed by groups of prehistoric huntergatherers. Development of the application by Archéosphere and our colleague Eric Pubert. Financial support from the French government in the framework of the University of Bordeaux’s IdEx “Investments for the Future programs in the field of higher education and research” through the Soutien à la Transformation et à l’Expérimentation Pédagogiques (STEP) project Immersion dans les Terrains de l’Anthropologie biologique et de la Préhistoire (ITAP; OPE-2018-0181; 2018-23; to P. Bayle and J.-G. Bordes), and from the Unit of Biology of the University of Bordeaux.
มุมมอง: 9

วีดีโอ

The “Virtual Sirogne” application
มุมมอง 392 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา
The Virtual Sirogne application provides students and researchers a dynamic introduction to the prehistoric site of Sirogne (Rocamadour, Lot, France), where lithic artifacts and fossil remains, including about 90 Neandertal remains belonging to at least 10 individuals, were found during the excavations conducted since 2013 in Middle and Late Pleistocene deposits of the site. The application pro...
A documentary on the production and use of ochre by Hamar women, Ethiopia.
มุมมอง 42Kปีที่แล้ว
The use of mineral pigments, in particular red ochre, is currently at the centre of the debate on the origin of modern humans and cultural complexity. The earliest secure evidence of ochre use is found at 400,000 year-old archaeological sites in Africa and Europe. At these sites, iron-rich rocks are modified by grinding, scraping, rubbing and knapping to produce red powder. In some cases, modif...
A new culture, in China, 40 000 years ago
มุมมอง 3042 ปีที่แล้ว
Presentation of the research publish in: Fa-Gang Wang, Shi-Xia Yang, Jun-Yi Ge, Andreu Ollé, Ke-Liang Zhao, Jian-Ping Yue, Daniela Eugenia Rosso, Katerina Douka,Ying Guan, Wen-Yan Li, Hai-Yong Yang, Lian-Qiang Liu, Fei Xie, Zheng-Tang Guo, Ri-Xiang Zhu, Cheng-Long Deng, Francesco d'Errico, Michael Petraglia, Innovative ochre processing and tool use in China 40,000 years ago. 2022 Nature. www.na...
Virtual reconstruction of a 32,000-year-old composite lower limb from Cro-Magnon (Dordogne, France)
มุมมอง 1792 ปีที่แล้ว
In 1868, human remains morphologically similar to recent humans were discovered by workers at Cro-Magnon (Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil, Dordogne, France). These fossils were considered as representative of the oldest European Homo sapiens, making Cro-Magnon one of the most famous archeological sites in the World. Despite this, the fact that the human remains have been commingled since 1868 is no...
CUMILA (VF)
มุมมอง 3.8K3 ปีที่แล้ว
Ce documentaire présente la recherche menée par les membres du laboratoire PACEA dans le cadre du projet CUMILA, s'intéressant aux parures et fragments d'ocre retrouvés dans le site archéologique de Panga ya Saidi, au Kenya.
CUMILA (EN)
มุมมอง 7K3 ปีที่แล้ว
This documentary presents the research carried out by members of the PACEA laboratory within the framework of the CUMILA project, focusing on the shell ornaments and ochre fragments found in the archaeological site of Panga ya Saidi, in Kenya. This site, who yielded the oldest burial from Africa, is important for the comprehension of the Middle Stone Age on the East coast of Africa.
CUMILA (IT)
มุมมอง 3973 ปีที่แล้ว
Questo documentario presenta le ricerche effettuate dai membri del laboratorio PACEA nell'ambito del progetto CUMILA, concentrandosi sugli ornamenti e i frammenti di ocra trovati nel sito archeologico di Panga ya Saidi, in Kenya.
Virtual reconstruction of a 32,000-year-old skull from Cro-Magnon (Dordogne, France)
มุมมอง 3133 ปีที่แล้ว
In 1868, human remains morphologically similar to recent humans were discovered by workers at Cro-Magnon (Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil, Dordogne, France). These fossils were considered as representative of the oldest European Homo sapiens, making Cro-Magnon one of the most famous archeological sites in the World. Despite this, the fact that the human remains have been commingled since 1868 is no...
Virtual reconstruction of a 32,000-year-old ulna from Cro-Magnon (Dordogne, France)
มุมมอง 523 ปีที่แล้ว
In 1868, human remains morphologically similar to recent humans were discovered by workers at Cro-Magnon (Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil, Dordogne, France). These fossils were considered as representative of the oldest European Homo sapiens, making Cro-Magnon one of the most famous archeological sites in the World. Despite this, the fact that the human remains have been commingled since 1868 is no...
L'étude des industries lithiques préhistoriques expliquée par les doctorants de PACEA
มุมมอง 7K3 ปีที่แล้ว
Quatre doctorants préhistoriens du laboratoire PACEA vous expliquent la façon dont ils étudient les chasseurs-cueilleurs de la Préhistoire à travers leurs industries lithiques. Grâce aux quatre grandes approches que sont la pétroarchéologie, la technologie, la tracéologie et la taphonomie, ils arrivent à reconstituer une partie des savoirs-faire et de l'organisation sociale des groupes humains ...
Lascaux "au pied du mur". Des témoins de la confection sur place de l'outillage à graver.
มุมมอง 1973 ปีที่แล้ว
Lascaux "au pied du mur" : sous les peintures, des femmes et des hommes Des témoins de la confection sur place de l'outillage à graver Cette séquence vidéo présente les résultats d'une étude réalisée dans le cadre du PCR LAsCO, financé par la DRAC Nouvelle Aquitaine (SRA et CRMH) et dirigé par M. Langlais et S. Ducasse (CNRS, laboratoire PACEA). Ce projet vise à réévaluer le contenu matériel de...
Lascaux "au pied du mur". Des rennes dans la grotte.
มุมมอง 1833 ปีที่แล้ว
Lascaux "au pied du mur" : sous les peintures, des femmes et des hommes Des rennes dans la grotte Cette séquence vidéo présente les résultats d'une étude réalisée dans le cadre du PCR LAsCO, financé par la DRAC Nouvelle Aquitaine (SRA et CRMH) et dirigé par M. Langlais et S. Ducasse (CNRS, laboratoire PACEA). Ce projet vise à réévaluer le contenu matériel des sols de la célèbre grotte ornée afi...
Lascaux Beyond the Walls: Reindeers in the cave
มุมมอง 773 ปีที่แล้ว
This video sequence presents the results of a study carried out within the framework of the LAsCO project, funded by the DRAC Nouvelle Aquitaine (SRA and CRMH) and directed by M. Langlais and S. Ducasse (CNRS, PACEA laboratory). This project aims at reassessing the archaeological assemblages discovered within the famous painted and engraved cave. This change in perspective, from the walls to th...
Lascaux Beyond the Walls: evidence of on-site production of engraving tools
มุมมอง 603 ปีที่แล้ว
This video sequence presents the results of a study carried out within the framework of the LAsCO project, funded by the DRAC Nouvelle Aquitaine (SRA and CRMH) and directed by M. Langlais and S. Ducasse (CNRS, PACEA laboratory). This project aims at reassessing the archaeological assemblages discovered within the famous painted and engraved cave. This change in perspective, from the walls to th...
Lingjing Bird statuette (ENG)
มุมมอง 3.2K4 ปีที่แล้ว
Lingjing Bird statuette (ENG)
Lingjing Bird statuette (CHN)
มุมมอง 1074 ปีที่แล้ว
Lingjing Bird statuette (CHN)
Statuette en forme d'oiseau de Lingjing (FRA)
มุมมอง 1.3K4 ปีที่แล้ว
Statuette en forme d'oiseau de Lingjing (FRA)
Visite virtuelle Sirogne
มุมมอง 4945 ปีที่แล้ว
Visite virtuelle Sirogne
Projet PHYT - Caractérisation du voile de calcite dans les grottes ornées
มุมมอง 1535 ปีที่แล้ว
Projet PHYT - Caractérisation du voile de calcite dans les grottes ornées
Blombos Cave drawing
มุมมอง 6K5 ปีที่แล้ว
Blombos Cave drawing
Border Cave
มุมมอง 9K7 ปีที่แล้ว
Border Cave
Néandertal à Bruniquel
มุมมอง 14K8 ปีที่แล้ว
Néandertal à Bruniquel
Bruniquel Cave stalagmites structure
มุมมอง 3.5K8 ปีที่แล้ว
Bruniquel Cave stalagmites structure
La grotte-abri de Peyrazet (Creysse, Lot, France)
มุมมอง 3.1K8 ปีที่แล้ว
La grotte-abri de Peyrazet (Creysse, Lot, France)
Biographie d'Objets Datés (Sagaies)
มุมมอง 3.5K9 ปีที่แล้ว
Biographie d'Objets Datés (Sagaies)
Biographie d'Objets Datés (Harpons)
มุมมอง 2.9K9 ปีที่แล้ว
Biographie d'Objets Datés (Harpons)
Biographie d'Objets Datés (Propulseur)
มุมมอง 3.4K9 ปีที่แล้ว
Biographie d'Objets Datés (Propulseur)
Les Pradelles
มุมมอง 2.7K9 ปีที่แล้ว
Les Pradelles
Early evidence of San material culture, organic artifacts from Border Cave, South Africa
มุมมอง 3.1K9 ปีที่แล้ว
Early evidence of San material culture, organic artifacts from Border Cave, South Africa

ความคิดเห็น

  • @so9487
    @so9487 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Fascinating.

    • @Tital666
      @Tital666 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thank you

  • @walibaniabaly2239
    @walibaniabaly2239 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    ❤❤

  • @sandejzack
    @sandejzack 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I hope the artefacts were returned to the Kenya Museums

    • @Tital666
      @Tital666 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thank you for your kind comment on this documentary made available to you free of charge on TH-cam so that everyone can see what we did in Kenya. Thank you also for your mistrust expressed clearly in your one sentence, which is always very pleasant. Let me reassure you, so that you sleep better and perhaps have a better opinion of archaeologists (some of them, anyway): yes, the artifacts have been returned to Kenya.

  • @paulfreeman23000
    @paulfreeman23000 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Merci, Very Informative Video, I sub and liked...

  • @rutyclem27
    @rutyclem27 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Merci. Mais volume très bas

  • @isabellam1936
    @isabellam1936 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you for documenting this world renowned excavation for history.

  • @sieurable
    @sieurable ปีที่แล้ว

    vous avez du paléo du Gers? si vous en voulez j'en ai!

  • @marjorietench3925
    @marjorietench3925 ปีที่แล้ว

    Music is terrible.

  • @mohamedchahba2722
    @mohamedchahba2722 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    merci pour la video

  • @mohamedsangare6049
    @mohamedsangare6049 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    On a découvert ça à Minignan

  • @patriceprovost8641
    @patriceprovost8641 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Vidéo très intéressante et adaptée à de jeunes élèves du secondaire. Félicitation pour la vulgarisation.

  • @varron1967
    @varron1967 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    merci pour cette vidéo .pour le générique le choix des silex pistols montre votre sens de l humour et pourtant pas un punk dans votre équipe ou il se cache?

    • @paceaqueffelec6559
      @paceaqueffelec6559 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Et oui c'est plus ce que c'était l'archéologie! 😁

  • @CBruceNL
    @CBruceNL 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Really cool

  • @Heatsaber
    @Heatsaber 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is so cool. Anything else unusual about these sites? Anything else stand out? How will this confirm or challenge the standing understanding of human history?

  • @Amy_Penney1234
    @Amy_Penney1234 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    If you took this to a North American archaeologist, they would say its just a rock.

  • @slapshot1x
    @slapshot1x 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    These carved bird figures are found in abundance in North America and archaeologists continue to deny the obvious that they are artifacts. Everything that isn’t an arrowhead is just a rock.

    • @paceaqueffelec6559
      @paceaqueffelec6559 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Dear Mr. Penney, I was curious about your comment and went checked on these North American bird statuettes you mention. I also looked at your recent videos on your channel, looked at them carefully (the pictures are really nice, congratulations of your photographic skills) and show them to some colleagues. I must say that we all agree with the archaeologist your interviewed on this parking that the stones you present in your videos are natural rocks. Flint cobbles can take many shapes (some links at the end of this answer), and can be naturally polished in clays or by the wind if they remain on the surface of the ground in cold climate for a long time. You present the selection of stones you think are birds (as I could show a selection of pictures of clouds with the shape of dogss and do not show any other picture of other clouds), but you do not present any of the field work you say you're doing 40 hours a week. Where are the other rocks which are not supposedly birds? Where are the field minutes? What is the context, the stratrigaphic units, are these rocks only on the surface of the field, or in archaeological layers? What are the other types of artifacts that one would probably find and that would help to characterize the archaeological occupation? Or did this site was only dedicated to bird figurines production? Showing rocks totally out of context is not how archaeological science is supposed to be done in order to prove what is apparently, in your opinion, disturbing evidence for the close-minded archaeologists. The bird statuette we presented in this peer-review paper was the first of its kind, but we published it in peer-review journal, and the close-minded archaeologist you consistently mention accepted to publish it because we had good arguments : this object comes from an archaeological site studied with multiple specialists of geology, stone tools, fauna identification, zooarchaeologists, dating specialists, that was all studied and published as field minutes first and then as peer-review papers, and we added here microscopic examination of the artifact showing striations and other marks of human work that have created multiple facets on the object (the peer-reviewed paper that goes with this video in freely accessible here: journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0233370). Human in North America have produced amazing artifacts, but the polished and non-polished stones that you show in your videos are not human made. I hope you can consider this answer as not too close-minded (I looked at tens of minutes of your videos and answered to your comment with , which is not really what I call close-minded). All the best. Links to some flint nodules images, some even still in the limestone : craies.crihan.fr/wp-content/uploads/silex1.jpg c8.alamy.com/compfr/2anr71y/close-up-de-nodules-de-silex-sur-l-estran-de-la-tamise-greenwich-londres-2anr71y.jpg tse3.mm.bing.net/th?id=OIP.kZ3FuKPWFF-DfnzecTPDKQHaFs&pid=Api encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR7Zwa6Q9_y4Sm8c8erkNK_N69UPZMQMZPmhg&usqp=CAU just search for "nodules flint" in google and you will find hundreds of photos of strange shaped flint nodules which can become the polished shapes you showed to this archaeoogist in your last video. I hope this helps.

    • @slapshot1x
      @slapshot1x 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@paceaqueffelec6559 I absolutely disagree with you and would be happy to send you some of these items as photos and videos are not an absolute method to determine whether or not these are artifacts. What I can tell you are many are made using fired clay. Fired clay requires a human. Many which are made of chert exhibit pressure flaking and conchoidal fractures In addition, the figures were found at sites that produced pottery, projectile points and other artifacts-from the late archaic and early woodland era. A bone fragment was found at a site and sent to a lab for c-14 dating, however, this method proved to be unreliable as the bone found at the same layer as a Meadowoods (early woodland) projectile point produced a date in the range of 1960-'s to 1970's. Meadowoods points were made 1,200 to 3,500 years ago. The intent of this quest is to highlight these types of artifacts which are found by thousands of us and highlight archaeologists complete denial. To your point, I have photos and videos of layers of earth where these were found. I have artifacts found at the same location that even archaeologists can identify. We have interviews with geologists confirming fired clay. Before you make assertions about my competence, research portable rock art. Look at the Portable Rock Art museum. its clear ancient cultures made crude figures with rocks. We are also aware of the fine polished effigies made by native Americans-most of what you're referring were made by later cultures in the Mississippian era. These artifacts you deny share common characteristics and patterns that cannot be denied. If you find 20 of these figures at an archaeological site which all display tail, wing, eyes, etc. the probability nature created these patterns is minimal. There are many items which depict human profiles as well as mammoth and mastodons. As far as 40-hours-a week-yes, I spend this time digging my sites, analyzing the finds under magnification and high resolution photography, consulting with colleagues in north America and Europe as well as shooting and editing flim clips which are part of a full length documentary film which I am producing on this topic. Based upon this and my full time job, no I am not writing papers and submitting them to archaeologists for review. I know the position of Archaeology on Portable Rock Art. Its arrogant to think Archaeology has never been wrong-just like the Clovis first theory.

  • @noelcollins1072
    @noelcollins1072 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Yep! queffelec cumila!

  • @wardasworld4265
    @wardasworld4265 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Merci pour les informations

  • @eaglevision09
    @eaglevision09 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Excited to have found this. My family is from the area in Kilifi where this discovery was made. Similar caves have been used as prayer sites by our ancestors and over time they have been abandoned. But the local communities nearby are well aware of these sacred sites from stories passed down by their elders. Great to see a team of seasoned archeologists put this together so well and share with the world this time in our history.

    • @paceaqueffelec6559
      @paceaqueffelec6559 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      So glad you found this. Do not hesitate to share with family and friends in Kilifi!

  • @ulfpe
    @ulfpe 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Good stuff, but is the seashells really the same as that LONG ago?

  • @YouTubdotCub
    @YouTubdotCub 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Absolutely fascinating stuff!

  • @guitarchick10
    @guitarchick10 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Man, getting paid to snorkel! 🤣 jk, love seeing new findings like this, and it was explained quite well! (Thanks for the subtitles too!)

  • @matthewabln6989
    @matthewabln6989 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    2 decades of "climate change" > than 80,000 years = people are taking the shells. Oof. Interesting project. Silly use of a vague buzz phrase; especially in an unwarranted scenario.

  • @MrSirlulzalot
    @MrSirlulzalot 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    I think that at a lot of different times a lot of interesting things happened. That's just my opinion though.

  • @marcverhaegen7943
    @marcverhaegen7943 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very interesting, thanks. This once more confirms that our MSA ancestors came from the coasts, google "coastal dispersal Pleistocene Homo PPT".

  • @dustydesert1674
    @dustydesert1674 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for posting that! Fascinating!!!

  • @manjitrupbikram
    @manjitrupbikram 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks Stefan Milo for leading me to this.

  • @chraffis
    @chraffis 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    And to all others who stumble in here. I just looked through the other vids on the channel and there appears to be a lot of interesting stuff. You may have to employ some method of translation though if you're not one those blasted Frenchies! Haha. Just kidding France. Je suis ton ami. Seras-tu à moi?

    • @paceaqueffelec6559
      @paceaqueffelec6559 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Yes there are other interesting things! Sure! Thanks! But some in French that's true. But isn't it part of the trip to hear another language? :)

  • @chraffis
    @chraffis 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Interesting. Thanks for making this available! And thanks a mil for the tip, Milo!

  • @Calyrekt
    @Calyrekt 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very glad I found this video, Stefan was right!

  • @StefanMilo
    @StefanMilo 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Really interesting video, great work

    • @TonyLambregts
      @TonyLambregts 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you for the recommendation.

    • @lucianoluciano4632
      @lucianoluciano4632 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks Milo

    • @TheSundanceKidWatson
      @TheSundanceKidWatson 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      He clearly likes it!

    • @buttercxpdraws8101
      @buttercxpdraws8101 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks for recommending Stefan. Your videos got me fascinated in pre-history about 6 months ago, but I’m learning virtually from scratch and there’s so much nonsense content around. The guidance is appreciated 👍🏻

    • @yqh1994
      @yqh1994 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      The man. The myth. The legend Stefan Milo

  • @Ptrolleuse
    @Ptrolleuse 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Déjà ça commence mal..."qui rendent les sociétés humaines différentes des sociétés animales" Il me semble que l'être humain est un animal ...pas un champignon, pas une algues, pas un cactus, pas une pierre, pas une carotte....un mammifère plus précisément . Un peu marre d'entendre ce genre de non sens. Si encore il avait glissé un petit " autre " avant " sociétés animales"...:-(

  • @claudebeaudevin4853
    @claudebeaudevin4853 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    claude beaudevin

  • @deltalima1340
    @deltalima1340 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    looks like a buttplug

  • @benjaminalbouy6315
    @benjaminalbouy6315 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Bravo à vous pour cette vidéo très didactique ! Je vais moi aussi la faire passer aux étudiants pour les cours introductifs de préhistoire :)

  • @ldoyon03
    @ldoyon03 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Excellent matériel didactique ! Je me vois bien ajouter ça à mes cours d’intro futurs... Bravo les doctorant(e)s !!!

  • @SrgtRock
    @SrgtRock 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    what's the approximate size of the cave?

    • @Tital666
      @Tital666 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      I guess the information is in the article just published in Science about the content of the cave, here: science.sciencemag.org/content/369/6505/863/tab-figures-data

  • @laurentmichel4723
    @laurentmichel4723 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Des os ds un feu veut pas for ement dire c était des cannibales ! Peut être ils brûlaient des morts ?

    • @peyoprat
      @peyoprat 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Non il sont pas cannibales c des os d'ours

  • @truperios
    @truperios 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    I think it resembles a SEA LION , not a bird.

    • @deltalima1340
      @deltalima1340 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      I love the huge leaps of artistic license they use.

    • @Amy_Penney1234
      @Amy_Penney1234 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@deltalima1340 Are you being sarcastic?

  • @jonathanloh1205
    @jonathanloh1205 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    amazing discovery and fantastic work to reveal how it was made

  • @rubentecher4707
    @rubentecher4707 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Désolé mes ta voix est somnolente 😪

    • @paceaqueffelec6559
      @paceaqueffelec6559 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Bonjour, cette chaîne compile les vidéos des chercheurs de notre laboratoire de recherche. Je transmets donc votre commentaire à mes collègues qui ont fait cette vidéo. Toutefois, quant au ton employé, je pense que c'est voulu, car ça colle avec la musique. C'est le but je pense de faire quelque chose de calme et posé. C'est sûr, ça change du TH-cam game actuel... :)

  • @ratorannui
    @ratorannui 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hello I was going through this video and this trying to understand how is it we know that the San Bushmen used this cave? Below are were the //th-cam.com/video/1oQ5Jd7p2aY/w-d-xo.html www.archaeology.org/issues/63-features/top-10/267-top-10-2012-border-cave-beeswax-poison

  • @DrSpithoven
    @DrSpithoven 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Bien stimulant de voir ce que la science peut démontrer.

  • @vincentvernaculus273
    @vincentvernaculus273 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sincères félicitations .

  • @hspicata
    @hspicata 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    I wonder was the ghost of Peter Beaumont lurking about during the excavations?

    • @kaylamacconachie4054
      @kaylamacconachie4054 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      it's possible, if he was there I hope he was happy with the work we've been doing! ;)

    • @hspicata
      @hspicata 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      I'm sure he was very pleased as we all are.

  • @sclogse1
    @sclogse1 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Auto translate has the various language selections. In the gear selections that also includes the HD settings.