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This video is about the infectious diseases transmitted from animals to humans. These are zoonoses, nosocomial infections, opportunistic infection and vertical transmission, are the options
Infectious diseases transmitted from animals to humans are called zoonotic diseases or zoonoses. These diseases can be caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi. Below are some examples of zoonotic diseases:
Bacterial Zoonoses
Leptospirosis: Spread through contact with water or soil contaminated by the urine of infected animals.
Brucellosis: Contracted by consuming unpasteurized dairy products or through direct contact with infected animal tissues.
Salmonellosis: Caused by consuming contaminated food or handling infected animals, particularly reptiles, poultry, or livestock.
Anthrax: Transmitted through contact with infected animals or animal products.
Plague: Spread through bites from infected fleas or contact with infected rodents.
Viral Zoonoses
Rabies: Transmitted through bites or scratches from infected mammals like dogs, bats, or raccoons.
Hantavirus: Spread through contact with infected rodent droppings, urine, or saliva.
Influenza (e.g., avian or swine flu): Spread through contact with infected birds or pigs.
Ebola: Linked to handling infected bushmeat or contact with bats.
Nipah Virus: Spread through contact with infected pigs or bats.
Parasitic Zoonoses
Toxoplasmosis: Contracted by handling infected cat feces or consuming undercooked, contaminated meat.
Echinococcosis: Caused by tapeworm larvae from infected dogs or contaminated food and water.
Trichinellosis: Spread by consuming undercooked meat from infected animals, particularly pork.
Leishmaniasis: Transmitted by sandflies infected through biting infected animals.
Fungal Zoonoses
Ringworm (Dermatophytosis): Spread through direct contact with infected animals such as cats, dogs, or cattle.
Histoplasmosis: Linked to inhaling spores from soil contaminated with bat or bird droppings.
Prevention and Control
Personal hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling animals or animal products.
Vaccination: Immunize pets against diseases like rabies.
Protective measures: Use gloves, masks, or protective clothing when working with animals.
Safe food practices: Cook meat thoroughly and avoid unpasteurized dairy products.
Vector control: Eliminate breeding grounds for mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks.
Avoid contact: Limit handling of wild or stray animals.
Understanding and mitigating the risks associated with zoonotic diseases is essential, especially for individuals working in healthcare, veterinary services, or animal industries.
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