Oxford Biodiversity Network
Oxford Biodiversity Network
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Toward a General Theory Predicting Biodiversity and Ecosystem Responses to Global Change
Professor. Brian Enquist. University of Arizona
Developing a predictive science of the Biosphere and more powerful tests of biodiversity theories need to move beyond species richness, data driven approaches, and overly parameterized models to explicitly focus on mechanisms generating diversity via size and trait composition. The rise of scaling based theory and trait-based ecology has led to an increased focus on the distribution and dynamics of traits across broad geographic and climatic gradients and how these distributions influence ecosystem function. In this talk I will present a synthesis of trait-based and metabolic scaling approaches into a framework that we term ‘Trait Driver Theory’ or TDT. It shows that biodiversity response to climate change can be best the shape and dynamics of trait and size distributions can be linked to fundamental drivers of community assembly and how the community will respond to future drivers. I review several theoretical studies and recent empirical studies spanning local and biogeographic gradients using long-term ecological monitoring, ecological experiments, and remote sensing. The talk will cover that TDT provides a baseline for (i) recasting the predictions of ecological theories based on species richness in terms of the shape of trait distributions and (ii) integrating how specific traits, including body size, and functional diversity then ‘scale up’ to influence ecosystem functioning and the dynamics of species assemblages across climate gradients. Further, TDT offers a novel framework to integrate trait, metabolic/allometric, and species-richness-based approaches to better predict functional biogeography and how assemblages of species have and may respond to climate change.
Dr. Enquist is a broadly trained ecologist and botanist whose research program investigates the origin and maintenance of biological diversity and the functioning of the biosphere. He and his collaborators have proposed and advanced, Metabolic Scaling Theory a predictive trait-based framework for biology to scale biological processes across space and time. Applications of this research is used to show how changes in climate then ramifies to influence biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. His lab strives to develop a more integrative, quantitative, and predictive framework for biology, community ecology, and global ecology.
He has published over 300 scientific papers. He is recipient of a Fulbright Scholarship to study in Costa Rica, the Ecological Society of America’s Mercer Award, a National Science Foundation CAREER Award, and he was named one of Popular Science’s Brilliant 10 young scientists. He has been awarded fellowships for advanced studies at (i) Charles University/ The Center for Theoretical Study in Prague, Czech Republic, (ii) the CNRS in Montpellier, France, and (iii) the Oxford Martin School at Oxford University in the United Kingdom. Dr. Enquist was elected a fellow of the Ecological Society of America and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).
Dr. Enquist received his PhD (Biology) in 1998 at the University of New Mexico with James H. Brown. After graduating Dr. Enquist was a NSF postdoctoral fellow at the Santa Fe Institute, and the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS) at UC Santa Barbara. He is currently a Professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Arizona. He is an external faculty member of the Santa Fe Institute, an independent, nonprofit theoretical research institute located in Santa Fe, New Mexico, dedicated to the multidisciplinary study of the fundamental principles of complex adaptive systems.
The Leverhulme Centre for Nature Recovery and Biodiversity Network are interested in promoting a wide variety of views and opinions on nature recovery from researchers and practitioners.
The views, opinions and positions expressed within this lecture are those of the author alone, they do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the Leverhulme Centre for Nature Recovery/Biodiversity Network, or its researchers.
มุมมอง: 39

วีดีโอ

The ecology and conservation of atolls - Sebastian Steibl
มุมมอง 1293 หลายเดือนก่อน
Over one third of Indo-Pacific islands are atolls. Nevertheless, atolls remain largely unrecognised as a distinct ecosystem type, beyond being recognised for their smallness and perceived depauperate floras and faunas. However, atolls are systems with a remarkable and unique biogeography and ecology that transcend classic boundary thinking of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial realms. Recognis...
The Return of the Mermaid - Mindahi Bastida and Geraldine Encina
มุมมอง 493 หลายเดือนก่อน
The Return of the Mermaid: Revitalizing the Lerma Wetlands in the highlands of Central Mexico with the guidance of the Mother of the Waters. The Lerma Wetlands in the highlands of Central Mexico have been home to Otomian peoples for at least ten thousand years. In their belief system, the rich biodiversity in the sweet water wetlands and the valley was the fruit of the generosity of Creation Mo...
The role of secondary forests in mitigating fragmentation-related extinctions - Ricardo Rocha
มุมมอง 2444 หลายเดือนก่อน
Secondary forests are the predominant type of forest cover across the tropics. They provide myriad services and natural products to human populations worldwide and key habitat for countless forest-dwelling species. Although some fragmentation-related extinctions can be averted by forest regeneration, the role of second growth in biodiversity conservation remains controversial. Central to the de...
In praise of the phenotype: Stock-taking and perspectives in plant functional trait ecology
มุมมอง 1014 หลายเดือนก่อน
In praise of the phenotype: Stock-taking and perspectives in plant functional trait ecology The plant functional trait diversity research programme has expanded dramatically in the past two decades, as a result of the combination of a long-standing interest in fundamental syndromes of adaptive specialization behind the vast variety of form and function observed in nature on the one hand, and th...
Wildlife, Warriors, and Women Large Carnivore Conservation in Tanzania and beyond. Amy Dickman
มุมมอง 254 หลายเดือนก่อน
Professor Amy Dickman established is the joint CEO of Lion Landscapes, which works to help conserve wildlife in some of the most important biodiversity areas of Africa. These areas include some of the most important areas in the world for big cats, but also have an extremely high level of lion killing, as lions and other carnivores impose high costs on poverty-stricken local people. Amy and her...
Hero meeting - May 2024 Catriona Bass
มุมมอง 444 หลายเดือนก่อน
Community-driven landscape-scale restoration of floodplains meadows in and upstream of Oxford
Spirit of the Amazon, Indigenous Peoples of the Xingu - Sue and Patrick Cunningham
มุมมอง 1994 หลายเดือนก่อน
Sue is a photojournalist and Patrick is a writer. They have been documenting environmental and social issues in Brazil since 1985, with a focus on indigenous issues. It all started one day in the 1980s when Sue met Cacique Raoni Metuktire and her life changed; he anchored her soul to the forest. Since then Sue and Patrick have produced many features for magazines and books, based on frequent vi...
Climate Change & Rural Livelihoods in Ghana: the impacts, adaptations & barriers: Philip Antwi-Agyei
มุมมอง 1844 หลายเดือนก่อน
Climate change poses considerable threats to socioeconomic development and ecological systems across Africa. This is particularly critical for smallholder farming communities in dryland agroecosystems where climate change interact with non-climatic stressors and shocks to exacerbate the vulnerability of rural livelihoods. Ghana is already suffering from significant climate change impacts and is...
Boldly reimagining our approaches to nature recovery - Justin Adams
มุมมอง 3125 หลายเดือนก่อน
In this provocative talk Justin will argue that while the increased awareness and understanding of the decline of biodiversity is to be welcomed. Our current approaches and responses at both the global and local levels are woefully inadequate. We are stuck in a cycle of incremental gains that are failing to address the roots causes of the ‘nature crisis’. Moving forward we will need to be much ...
Urban nature recovery in London - my personal vision and experiences - Kabir Kaul
มุมมอง 1235 หลายเดือนก่อน
London is a very wild city, boasting over 1600 designated wildlife sites and nature reserves. Despite comprising over 20% of the city’s land area, many are isolated from each other and under-managed for biodiversity, increasing their vulnerability to climate change and development, and reducing opportunities for public engagement with urban nature. Based on his own experiences as a wildlife cam...
Does science impact nature conservation policy? Stories of success and failure. Hugh Possingham
มุมมอง 3655 หลายเดือนก่อน
Hugh in semi-retirement has 3 jobs: Biodiversity Council’s Co-chief Councillor, Chief Scientist of Accounting for Nature and The University of Queensland. He was the founding Director of The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, the National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species hub and an Australian Research Council Professorial, Laureate and ...
Global Ecological Shift: for the protection and restoration of biodiversity - Thomas Crowther
มุมมอง 1315 หลายเดือนก่อน
In his talk, Crowther will highlight recent scientific advancements, such as the groundbreaking evaluation of global forest carbon potential, and the launch of the SEED, a biocomplexity index, which enables us to understand the variation in biological health across the globe. These initiatives aim to enhance our commitment to nature and empower individuals, companies and governments to make pos...
Restoration Social Science: Understanding how and why people restore landscapes, Forrest Fleischman
มุมมอง 1095 หลายเดือนก่อน
Restoration is emerging as a global priority, as exemplified in the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, the Bonn Challenge to restore 350 Mha by 2030, and a wide variety of regional, national, and private efforts. As described in these documents, restoration is primarily conceived as an ecological process, in which ecosystems are restored to a more functional or desirable state through ecologic...
Bending the curves-balancing nature, economy & society, from the bottom up. David Obura-Chair, IPBES
มุมมอง 1056 หลายเดือนก่อน
Abstract: Bending the curve of biodiversity decline, ie. halting and reversing loss, has been adopted as the mission for the Global Biodiversity Framework. While conservation and restoration are necessary to achieve this, they are not sufficient and this talk focuses on the two sets of actions that need far greater attention - a) bending and reversing the drivers of biodiversity decline, which ...
Building collaborations with Indigenous and Local Communities using Extreme Citizen Science
มุมมอง 677 หลายเดือนก่อน
Building collaborations with Indigenous and Local Communities using Extreme Citizen Science
Soil Ecology from the microbe’s eye view - Edith Hammer
มุมมอง 1327 หลายเดือนก่อน
Soil Ecology from the microbe’s eye view - Edith Hammer
The transformative art of kissing frogs. Sir Tim Smit, The Eden Project
มุมมอง 1127 หลายเดือนก่อน
The transformative art of kissing frogs. Sir Tim Smit, The Eden Project
The transformative art of kissing frogs . Tim Smit, Eden Project
มุมมอง 767 หลายเดือนก่อน
The transformative art of kissing frogs . Tim Smit, Eden Project
Captured sunshine: what can an energetic view of life on Earth tell us about nature decline/recovery
มุมมอง 717 หลายเดือนก่อน
Captured sunshine: what can an energetic view of life on Earth tell us about nature decline/recovery
Land tenure, deforestation, & monocultures:Menaces to food & territorial justice.Elena Lazos-Chavero
มุมมอง 588 หลายเดือนก่อน
Land tenure, deforestation, & monocultures:Menaces to food & territorial justice.Elena Lazos-Chavero
Recovery of degraded coastal ecosystems requires more than protection. Tundi Agardy
มุมมอง 1308 หลายเดือนก่อน
Recovery of degraded coastal ecosystems requires more than protection. Tundi Agardy
Mycorrhizas and ecosystem functioning. Dr Laura Martinez-Suz
มุมมอง 26710 หลายเดือนก่อน
Mycorrhizas and ecosystem functioning. Dr Laura Martinez-Suz
Rewilding, Restoration, and the Future of Nature Recovery - James Bullock
มุมมอง 27110 หลายเดือนก่อน
Rewilding, Restoration, and the Future of Nature Recovery - James Bullock
Rewilding European landscapes: lessons learned & future directions for science & practice.
มุมมอง 28110 หลายเดือนก่อน
Rewilding European landscapes: lessons learned & future directions for science & practice.
Fishing for Nutrition: Healthy Oceans for People and Planet. Christina Hicks. Lancaster University
มุมมอง 8311 หลายเดือนก่อน
Fishing for Nutrition: Healthy Oceans for People and Planet. Christina Hicks. Lancaster University
Can we have it all from the land? Dustin Benton, Green Alliance
มุมมอง 16711 หลายเดือนก่อน
Can we have it all from the land? Dustin Benton, Green Alliance
Nature is Culture: The Deep Global History & Transformative Future of Nature-Sustaining Landscapes.
มุมมอง 36311 หลายเดือนก่อน
Nature is Culture: The Deep Global History & Transformative Future of Nature-Sustaining Landscapes.
A virtual rainforest Professor Robert Ewers, Imperial College London
มุมมอง 32211 หลายเดือนก่อน
A virtual rainforest Professor Robert Ewers, Imperial College London
Fixing our broken relationship with nature.
มุมมอง 28ปีที่แล้ว
Fixing our broken relationship with nature.

ความคิดเห็น

  • @austenj4539
    @austenj4539 6 วันที่ผ่านมา

    At a time of housing supply crisis ... introducing BNG to virtually all new development has just wiped out any hope within the new housing market to deliver affordable housing. Utterly moronic pursuit of an aspiration with no joined up links to phase in BGN and it is clear that small site owners are far more likely to have to give up due to huge costs of 'off site' BGN and any new builds will now have far higher sale prices. BNG = OMG.

  • @austenj4539
    @austenj4539 6 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Oct 2024 - nearly all Plot developers [large and small] affected negatively. Massive delays to find ecologists, the cost of BNG Plans after Impact Assessments, 8 week for LPA's to process, cost/time preparing covenants/management plans lasting 30 years. Also, 'on site' BNG scoring not calculated for private back/front gardens leaving no hope for most to include onsite 10% BNG leading to expensive off site options.

  • @louisebendall2894
    @louisebendall2894 16 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Guy, reading your book ‘The Lost Rainforests….’ On page 169 under the chapter heading ‘Nobody Cares for Woodlands any more’, i read about the chain sawing of clumps of holly which is creating too much heavy shading. Until two years ago my son and I held the National Collection of holly and we still have 5 acres under holly now. We left the scheme due to a severe outbreak of phytophthora ilicis, which was causing havoc. Leaving the scheme so as not to spread the complicated fungus, we spent much time, effort and money giving support to our trees, with what we believe to be limited success. I know a lot about this plant, how it grows, spreads, lives and dies. Chain sawing clumps of holly down is not the way forward, in fact counter productive. Inadvertently this action may well bring in the phytophthora, which in a wetland setting would be disastrous. We have hollies in our woodland here and of course I have been watching it in the New forest and everywhere I travel. Much can be learned from Richard Mabey’s book ‘Flora Brittanica’ on which I leant heavily when giving slide talks to garden groups. Of course, I should have been talking to people like you and all the many push-back groups trying to restore our beloved, raped, denuded and stolen land. Your work is breathtakingly important, far and away above any other problem facing mankind. I know you are almost impossibly stretched, but even if there is someone else working towards a better future, please let me have my say. All my advice is free, and I have never taken a penny from the public purse. Just one clear point. Ilex aquifolium, our native tree of woodland, does nothing but enhance and nothing to detract.

  • @wallyjumblatt
    @wallyjumblatt หลายเดือนก่อน

    This is a terrific book for all interested in wildlife and ecology. Do have a look--and buy it!

  • @soroushmoeinzadeh
    @soroushmoeinzadeh 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Fascinating insights into Sabah's conservation journey! Glyn Davies, your passion and expertise shine through in this video. Your work has undoubtedly made a tremendous difference in protecting Sabah's incredible wildlife. Thank you for sharing such valuable knowledge with us.

  • @jessewoellhof6843
    @jessewoellhof6843 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Here is a very cool followup to this lecture, talking about reef restoration th-cam.com/video/1uPKomlUJio/w-d-xo.htmlsi=dnjlVHaR8nUSRviF

  • @jessewoellhof6843
    @jessewoellhof6843 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Dear Sebastian: this is amazing research, i remember learning about the erosional nature of atolls in school and to find out we had it backwards is amazing and the idea of the resilience of these systems is fascinating. The description of the tidal pump illustrates so much for me about why reefs are such thriving populous ecosystems. All sorts of stuff, you fired my imagination today, thank you!

  • @jessewoellhof6843
    @jessewoellhof6843 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    APPLAUD YOU JERKS

  • @DavidLaPoint
    @DavidLaPoint 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I agree with Allan.

  • @OldScientist
    @OldScientist 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Extinction rates (1500-2009) peaked around 1900 at 50 per decade. Extinction rates have declined dramatically to around 4 to per decade in the 2000s. So the extinction rate is very low: 900 known lost species for 2.1 million known species in 500 years (IUCN), so from observations there are an average of slightly less than 2 species lost every year. Out of a known species total of over 2 million. That gives an annual percentage loss of less than 0.0001%. That's background extinction. At that frequency it will take over 930,000 years to reach 80% extinction of species experienced at the K-T boundary that saw the extinction of the dinosaurs. Of course, extinction is a natural part of the evolution of life on this planet with the average lifespan of a species thought to be about 1 million years (cf 930,000). It is estimated that 99.9% of all plant and animal species that have existed have gone extinct. It should also be noted that no taxonomic families have become extinct in the last 500 years. In fact marine diversity at the taxonomic level of families is the highest it has ever been in the Earth's long history (see Sepkoski Curve). In a review of 16,009 species, most populations (85%) did not show significant trends in abundance, and those that did were balanced between winners (8%) and losers (7%) (Dornelas et al, 2019). There have been only 9 species of continental birds and mammals confirmed extinct since 1500 (Loehle, 2011). No global marine animals have become extinct in the past 50 years (McCauley et, 2015 using IUCN data).

  • @davidsivills3599
    @davidsivills3599 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Rewilding is a no brainer,it works and brings back live to the countryside.

  • @fabio85774
    @fabio85774 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Very interesting! Thanks a lot!

  • @princee9385
    @princee9385 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

    ❤❤❤

  • @BrianSmith-nw2jo
    @BrianSmith-nw2jo 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Guy, I need an expert in temperate rainforest restoration. I have a piece of woodland in Wiltshire that I am restoring. One part of it is very wet with moss, lichen and polypod on the branches. I am about to clear a large amount of rhodis from that area but I do not want to upset the micro climate. Do you know someone that could guide me?

  • @charlesduncan910
    @charlesduncan910 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    💦 "Promo sm"

  • @peakypanda
    @peakypanda ปีที่แล้ว

    None of the speakers mentioned the importance of food production and security. Quite an omission.

  • @xcmmm
    @xcmmm ปีที่แล้ว

    bro get a mic

  • @sebastienregnaut8187
    @sebastienregnaut8187 ปีที่แล้ว

    I would think that Sound quality was less of a great global challenge. Time to invest in a small mic.

  • @simonevans1411
    @simonevans1411 ปีที่แล้ว

    Legend

  • @johngeddes679
    @johngeddes679 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for posting great talk

  • @johngeddes679
    @johngeddes679 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for posting great talk