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It's pointless confusing an Alevel student with information beyond the scope of syllabus

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Yes exactly, chemiosmosis occur and ATP is produced using ATP syntnase as H+ ions move from thylakoid space (high conc) to stroma (low conc)

@@biosfundamentals619 ohh okay thank you for ur reply. I highly appreciate ur lectures on youtube thank you for putting in ur time to these lecrures as these help a lot for understanding and for exams.

As single membrane yes

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Alhamdolillah. I'm glad to hear that. Im sure you must've put dedicated efforts yourself, too. Congratulations

MCQ paper yet to be received

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Aameen. All the best for your exam

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Yes it should be included. If correlation is being tested then we say "no significant correlation" (+/-) as appropriat or "significant correlation" (+/-) as appropriate

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That i am ❤️ Thanks and Good Luck for exams

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We have to link increase tolerance to making membrane less fluid. Increasing unsaturated FA tails would do that. Decrease fluidity means phospholipids will be more restricted within their monolayer, movement from one monolayer to the other will be restricted too. It'd provide more restriction for substances moving in/out, 2nd line in point A gives a hint for that. Option B & D both refer to increased fluidity, while option C is irrelevant all together.

@@biosfundamentals619 would not increasing unsaturated fatty acids increase the fluidity of the membrane as the double bond increases the distance between phospholipids

Cholesterol can increase as well as decrease membrane fluidity

Using the hypothesis it can be seen that it states a clear correlation between these two variables, when one is increasing the other is decreasing. That's why. One more thing why can't it plateau, because concentration of inhibitor on x axis is increased to max, it'd certainly inhibit all enzyme Molecules, none of them will be available for binding with substrate

Yes it's a bit tricky. Make especial notes of name+role+direction of movement of specific ions involved in RMP, depolarization, repolarization, release of neurotransmitters, muscle contraction. It'd help you

No they are not in syllabus anymore. We have to follow sympatric speciation with Behavioral & Ecological separation

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Yes they both are the same.

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No. In Outline you give a brief overview of the process, details aren't required. All marking points are for brevity in answer. While for Describe, the answer must have description of the process, details are required. Brief points would not get you full marks. If graph or Table is given quote the values (with units) from that to support your description

@@biosfundamentals619 okay sir thnx

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