Following the breakdown of negotiations with Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the Pakistan Army launched Operation Searchlight in East Pakistan, sparking a violent conflict. In response, the Mukti Bahini allied with the Indian Army and engaged in fierce battles against Pakistani forces. Facing insurmountable challenges, Pakistan's forces ultimately surrendered. After the war, Sheikh Mujib returned to lead Bangladesh, while Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto assumed control in West Pakistan. Bhutto appointed Gul Hassan as the Commander-in-Chief, but later replaced him with Tikka Khan.
In 1973, Bhutto dissolved the NAP and JUI coalition government in Balochistan, which triggered widespread protests against his administration. Later, in the 1977 general elections, Bhutto's Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) claimed 155 out of 200 seats. However, the opposition alleged election fraud, leading to large-scale protests. On July 5, 1977, General Zia-ul-Haq overthrew Bhutto's government and arrested him in the murder case of Nawab Mohammad Ahmed Khan Kasuri. Bhutto was subsequently sentenced to death and was executed on April 4, 1979.
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Keywords:
Operation Searchlight, Mukti Bahini, Pakistan Army, Indian Army, Bangladesh Liberation War, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, 1977 Pakistan Elections, Zia-ul-Haq, political history of Pakistan, Bhutto government collapse, Balochistan protests
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