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Sanger DNA Sequencing, From Then to Now.
This video explores the basics of Sanger sequencing and the fascinating history behind this groundbreaking technology. It explains the basics of DNA sequencing, including the components necessary for the reaction and the steps involved. Topics also include ddNTPs, cycle sequencing, fluorescent dyes and capillary electrophoresis.
We'll also compare Sanger sequencing to other sequencing technologies, such as NGS, to give you a better understanding of how it all works. Throughout the video, we'll take a chronological approach to explore the history of Sanger sequencing, starting with its development in the late 1970s and following its evolution. By the end of the video, you'll deeply understand Sanger sequencing and its role in sequencing the human genome.
So grab a cup of coffee and journey through the fascinating world of Sanger sequencing! Whether you're a student, researcher, or just curious about the science behind DNA sequencing, this video is for you!
🌏 www.clevalab.com
📖 This video is also a blog post with images, references and a PDF download; visit: www.clevalab.com/post/sanger-dna-sequencing
👉 You may also like: "Next Generation Sequencing - A Step-By-Step Guide to DNA Sequencing." th-cam.com/video/WKAUtJQ69n8/w-d-xo.html
Visit the ClevaLab Channel Page for more videos: www.youtube.com/@ClevaLab
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CHAPTERS:
00:00 The 1977 Invention of Sanger Sequencing
00:23 The Basics of How DNA Is Copied
00:36 What are dNTPs & ddNTPs anyway?
01:19 How Does a ddNTP Stop DNA Copying?
01:54 The DNA Naming Convention 5' to 3'
02:43 Which Bases Go Together in Base Pairing?
03:05 Steps of the First Sanger Sequencing Method
06:11 The First DNA Sequencing Instrument, the AB370A.
07:20 The Launch of the Human Genome Project
07:46 How Does Cycle Sequencing Improve Things?
08:59 Automated DNA Separation by Capillary Electrophoresis
09:36 ABI PRISM 310, Modern Sanger Sequencing
10:49 Fluorescent ddNTPs and the Invention of BigDyes
11:33 The Instrument That Sequenced the Genome
13:09 Why Use Sanger Sequencing When There's NGS?
#ClevaLab #sequencing #sangersequencing
มุมมอง: 66 922

วีดีโอ

Next Generation Sequencing - A Step-By-Step Guide to DNA Sequencing.
มุมมอง 352Kปีที่แล้ว
Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is used to sequence both DNA and RNA. Billions of DNA strands get sequenced simultaneously using NGS. Whereas with Sanger Sequencing, only one strand is sequenced at a time. While the Human Genome Project took over 30 years to sequence the human genome for the first time. Now with Next Generation Sequencing, a whole human genome can be sequenced in just one day....
What are Autoimmune Diseases and How Do They Develop?
มุมมอง 215K2 ปีที่แล้ว
What are Autoimmune Diseases? Autoimmune Diseases are caused when the immune system attacks its own cells. This video is about autoimmunity, how autoimmune diseases develop, and the symptoms they cause. Find out how autoimmune antibodies, B-cells and T-cells get made and how they get activated. Autoimmune cells are activated via molecular mimicry, bystander activation and epitope spreading. Per...
Mast Cells | Normal Role, Allergies, Anaphylaxis, MCAS & Mastocytosis.
มุมมอง 71K2 ปีที่แล้ว
Find out all about mast cells, their usual role in fighting infections and how they can cause allergies and anaphylaxis when things go wrong. Also, find out about the mast cell diseases MCAS and mastocytosis. Mast Cells line the tissues of the body exposed to the outside world. They protect us from foreign invaders, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and venoms. When foreign invaders are d...
What is PCR and qPCR? | PCR Animation
มุมมอง 190K3 ปีที่แล้ว
Discover molecular biology and the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). What is PCR and qPCR? PCR takes DNA, nucleotides, primers, and Taq Polymerase to make unlimited DNA. This target DNA gets seen by running it on an agarose gel in PCR or detecting it with a camera in qPCR. With qPCR probes labelled with different colours can amplify many targets per tube. PCR and qPCR get used in disease diagnos...
Growing Organs | Stem cells, Organoids and 3D Bioprinting.
มุมมอง 34K3 ปีที่แล้ว
Growing organs in the Lab - Find out how scientists are making human organs in the lab from stem cells. While we can't grow fully functional human organs yet, they can grow organoids from stem cells to study organ development and 3D bioprint tissues that can one day be used to repair organs. 🌏 www.clevalab.com 👉 You may also like: The Basic Principles of a Cell, th-cam.com/video/R5z0VYBnZPs/w-d...
Understanding Cell Functions in the Human Body.
มุมมอง 32K3 ปีที่แล้ว
This video will give you an understanding of cell functions in the human body. The animation will guide you through the human body's basic cell structure and function. Also, discover how cells form tissues and organs. as well as how proteins get made from DNA. The types of proteins produced by a cell determine its function and structure. Learn about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and how plan...

ความคิดเห็น

  • @EternalFootman-kr6yx
    @EternalFootman-kr6yx 8 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    How are these adapters and indexes identified? The is is a fiction

  • @sagarikap9973
    @sagarikap9973 22 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    Excellent video! Thanks

  • @tagisapini480
    @tagisapini480 7 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Amazing, I've been looking for this video

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 3 วันที่ผ่านมา

      I'm glad you liked it. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.

  • @librep3nsador
    @librep3nsador 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Amazing 🤩

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 3 วันที่ผ่านมา

      I'm glad you liked it. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.

  • @EsterDominguez-w9c
    @EsterDominguez-w9c 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    wonderful,sweet,splendid,mezmerizing i love it i wanna learn more

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 วันที่ผ่านมา

      I'm glad you liked it. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.

  • @hydraros
    @hydraros 11 วันที่ผ่านมา

    omg thank you so much for this video! it really helped me understand my lectures better ❤

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 I'm glad it helped you.

  • @peacepantherproductions
    @peacepantherproductions 17 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Why Nothing about the gut microbiom in stopping this?

  • @preetamdandapath5277
    @preetamdandapath5277 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Great video. It was very easy to understand the concepts due to the animations 👍👍😄

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab หลายเดือนก่อน

      I'm so glad you found it helpful and liked the animations. Thanks for your comment. 🤓

  • @jmda58
    @jmda58 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Sjögren’s is what I have and my symptoms started when our daughter faced two battles with cancer including having to have a stem cell transplant and ending up in a medical coma. The stress levels were of course extremely high,I feel like that set off and started my ending up with the autoimmune disease.

    • @SilviaFanning
      @SilviaFanning 14 วันที่ผ่านมา

      my Sjogrens was activated by stress caused by being a nurse on covid unit when it hit in California. i was so stressed mentally and physically that I started to have dry eyes, mouth, joint pain, weight loss, kidney involvement, leg weakness and swelling. My symptoms are stable now but still not like i was before.

  • @niloofarkh4779
    @niloofarkh4779 หลายเดือนก่อน

    thank u very much

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab หลายเดือนก่อน

      I'm glad you liked it. Thanks for your comment. 🤓

  • @eris6994
    @eris6994 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Hi I have been dealing with autoimmune folliculitis decalvans for 5 years and my chemical pills are no longer effective. I wanted to know the best food to make more T cells in the body and what would help me the most. Thank you for your guidance.

  • @wangnagene
    @wangnagene หลายเดือนก่อน

    Love it! I have a question, I get that the elongation starts with the primers, but how does it end? Is there an end sequence or something like that?

  • @Валентина-р7ц2л
    @Валентина-р7ц2л หลายเดือนก่อน

    Wow, Hidden DNA Potential on shirlest blew my mind! I can’t believe the insights in there. It feels like I’ve tapped into a new version of myself. Everyone should check it out!

  • @nuremmy8115
    @nuremmy8115 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Hidden DNA Potential on shirlest is something else! It has completely shifted the way I think and live. I can’t recommend it highly enough if you’re looking for inspiration.

  • @ivettesalado6958
    @ivettesalado6958 หลายเดือนก่อน

    VI've been sharing Hidden DNA Potential on shirlest with my friends because it’s just that impactful! It really opened my eyes to what I’m capable of achieving. Highly recommend it!

  • @jana6359
    @jana6359 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thanks ❤❤❤

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab หลายเดือนก่อน

      You're welcome. 🤓

  • @DalissaSandoval
    @DalissaSandoval หลายเดือนก่อน

    So this condition in cancer? I’m really scared,because the doctor couldn’t find what is causing me my anaphylactic shocks,he told me something about Mastocytosis stomach disorder and I’m so confused if this is cancer.

  • @muhammed2174
    @muhammed2174 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Best explanations ever! Thank you for producing them. I've watched all your videos, is there a resource to access more?

  • @snehaldesai4423
    @snehaldesai4423 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I have one query.. Primer binds to strand and then it extends but how it's extension stops upto the end of particular gene. How it comes to know this is the end of gene rather continuing extension. Please reply

  • @shravya9496
    @shravya9496 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    very detailed yet crisp explanation ..love your videos

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 It's great to hear you find the videos helpful.

  • @danielsepulveda1717
    @danielsepulveda1717 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I love when algorithm finally shows a usefull and interesting video after a long time searching for a good explanation. Thanks a lot for your amazing work here.

  • @szxnv
    @szxnv 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    the start was alright but at the end it got too deep too quick, but I appreciate the visualization regardless

  • @szxnv
    @szxnv 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    :)

  • @szxnv
    @szxnv 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    :)

  • @lg6134
    @lg6134 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Very informative video. I have diagnosed MCAS and it can be difficult to explain to people what MCAS is, even to medical providers who have never heard of it.

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 I'm glad you found it helpful.

  • @noplease1427
    @noplease1427 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    If the dna’s skeleton covers and twists in a helix formation, how does the laser detect the bases? Are they fluorescent/isotopic bases? Even so, wouldnt placement of these molecules (eg one hiding behind another) mess the results ? Thanks

  • @mariposa3447
    @mariposa3447 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Wow. Yiu have earned a subscription So clear and well explained

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks for subscribing. 🤓 I'm glad you enjoyed the video.

  • @FruityHappiness9
    @FruityHappiness9 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    and mold. suprised you didnt mention mold. thats why i have mcas. ochratoxin and gliotoxin!

    • @EspinosaFilms
      @EspinosaFilms 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      How you tested for mold?

  • @toomylight2311
    @toomylight2311 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    My son was born with it 20 yrs ago and was the first born in my county with it in Ireland nobody had an absolute clue what it was and told me it was leukaemia which turned out it wasn’t thankfully . 20 yrs on in all the research we done and a million phone calls later there is still nothing can be done . They said it might leave him in puberty but hasn’t and he’s body is still covered with lessons . He was our first born and it would have made it so much easier if you knew what you were dealing with and there was adequate help . Thing’s obviously have not advanced since

  • @SunilJob-z5m
    @SunilJob-z5m 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Why no body talks of relationship between female hormones and autoimmune disease? Is sounds related to

  • @florabraswell-nm1re
    @florabraswell-nm1re 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Does Ehlers Danlos Syndrome play a roll in Mass Cell Activation? Thank you so much for this information about mass cells, you have been the only one who knows how to give us a better understanding of how this syndrome works and thanking you in advance for your time and your help 🙏🌹🙏💜

    • @beef4cat4tuna
      @beef4cat4tuna 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I think it does. I think the MCs cause inflammation in the connective tissue causing possibly transient weakness. Reaching ketosis seems to help minimize my reactions. I find the closer to a Lion Diet that I follow, the better I feel. My muscles feel stronger. My subluxations have improved. My hypermobility and propensity to falls seems to be improving. I don't have to constantly take zyrtec all day long just to stay breathing. Along with the other meds. It just got to be too much for my body. My systemic inflammation has gone down. My auto immune antibody numbers are decreasing. Carnitine helps hypermobility and autism (brain development and functioning). I think the Mast cells have a lot to do with the inflammation. As I shrank but the scale did not always change. Nor did it always go down. But here I am sitting in a medium sized dress when I was 1x-3x a couple years ago. My activity levels are going up.

  • @schaengele
    @schaengele 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    🤤Excellent presentation. Tons of information presented very clearly and simply. Very understandable bya novice.

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 I'm glad you liked it.

  • @keeya_ks
    @keeya_ks 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Me and my mother both suffer with inflammatory bowel my mother has Crohn’s disease and me ulcerative colitis definitely genetic disease

  • @jouryvip2482
    @jouryvip2482 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    0:59 I remember One Direction ❤

  • @colleenmolloy5244
    @colleenmolloy5244 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you so much ,Mentioning your mindset in relation to the way you talk to your body is so important. I have been using that approach for 3 months and have experienced huge benefits. Love your body and tell it what a great job it's doing 👏 Might sound silly to some , But it truly has made a difference. I'm in Australia

  • @jouryvip2482
    @jouryvip2482 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I don't know, but if we know the reason for the immune system attacking the body, we will be able to find definitive treatments, as they say. Half the answer is understanding the question. If we know the reason, we will understand and be able to find treatments.❤

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 Yes, there's definitely more research needed.

    • @jouryvip2482
      @jouryvip2482 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@ClevaLab your welcome We humans will defeat all diseases💪🏻🤓

  • @sasvideres
    @sasvideres 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you for this explanation video, recently got diagnosed with Dermatomyositis, trying to learn as much as I can to understand what's wrong.

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 I'm sorry to hear that, I definitely think it helps to know more about any diagnosis, but it's still hard to go through. ❤

  • @emilyleen1525
    @emilyleen1525 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    i love this!!! so easy to understand and the animation is super helpful thanksss 🥺💗

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Great, I'm glad it helped you. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.

  • @HadiChaudhary-fq1uo
    @HadiChaudhary-fq1uo 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thanks that help me alot Love from 🇵🇰

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I'm glad it helped you. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.

  • @donniebeaubrun7349
    @donniebeaubrun7349 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thanks!

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thank you. 🤓 I'm glad you enjoyed the video.

  • @appelenei-p6y
    @appelenei-p6y 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Is this how a nextseq2000 works?

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 The NextSeq 2000 uses SBS sequencing like in the video, but instead of 4 dyes, it uses only 2 to detect the bases. The basic principle is the same as the video. Only having to read 2 colours each cycle speeds up the run time, and the reduced amount of dye used lowers run costs. The NextSeq 2000 also uses patterned flow cells. You can read more about 4-channel, 2-channel, and 1-channel Illumina instruments here: sapac.illumina.com/science/technology/next-generation-sequencing/sequencing-technology/2-channel-sbs.html

  • @phangwei3309
    @phangwei3309 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    finally i understand what is a quencher , thank you so so so much

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Great, that's good to hear. I'm glad it helped you. Thanks for your comment. 🤓

  • @sybillekempe6514
    @sybillekempe6514 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Great video, very well done, beautiful design, easily explained!

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks for your comment.🤓 I'm glad you liked it.

  • @jacobhillanbrand7988
    @jacobhillanbrand7988 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    How do you get tested for this. My brother keeps having repeated episodes of anaphylaxis shock. He don't know why it's happening. His lips,nose,throat start closing and has hives all over his body when happens. Thanks all

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      He'll need to visit a doctor, in most countries, a general practitioner first and then be referred to see an Immunologist. An Immunologist is a doctor specialising in immune and allergic disorders. I hope this helps. Thanks for your comment. 🤓

  • @Nellyiii
    @Nellyiii 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I have an exam tomorrow, so lucky I found this video !! Loved your concise explanation tyy x

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 I'm glad you liked it. Good luck with your exam.

  • @yReaper
    @yReaper 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Very nice video.

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I'm glad you liked it. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.

  • @ravichandra3210
    @ravichandra3210 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    The inventor of PCR dr kary mullis was against using his method for disease diagnosis like HIV. Sadly he passed away in 2019 before the plandemic.

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 yes, while he did invent PCR, he had some other not so scientifically based ideas!

  • @xyrine.b
    @xyrine.b 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Honestly I've understood more about sequencing by synthesis from this video than I did reading the Illumina protocol and doing the libraries! Hahaha! Thank you 😀

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      That's great to hear, I'm glad it helped your understanding. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.

  • @cammylarson9427
    @cammylarson9427 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I love the way she says multiple sclerosis

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 It's the Australian accent!

  • @lilibeta2226
    @lilibeta2226 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Useful topic, Tank you

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I'm glad it helped. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.