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PHAB Outreach
Norway
เข้าร่วมเมื่อ 14 ม.ค. 2019
This is the TH-cam channel for the Centre for Planetary Habitability (PHAB) at the University of Oslo, Norway. PHAB is a Norwegian Centre of Excellence funded from 2023-2033. The aims of the centre are to recognize and characterize the key conditions that make a planet habitable.
Prior to 1 July 2023, this account and posted content was related to the Centre for Evolution and Dynamics (CEED) which ran from 2013-2023.
Prior to 1 July 2023, this account and posted content was related to the Centre for Evolution and Dynamics (CEED) which ran from 2013-2023.
The Wilson Cycle - Episode 4 - Collision and Collapse
The final of four episodes of "The Wilson Cycle" series. This is Episode 4: Mountain-building by continent-continent collision.
In this episode, we visit several localities with spectacular eclogites in Western Norway. These provide the evidence for the former deep burial and formation of a very thick, Himalayan type continental crust during the Caledonian continental collision between Baltica and Laurentia. The association of exposed mantle-rocks and the eclogite facies minerals formed at high- and ultra-high pressure conditions at 405 to 395 million years ago during the burial under the Caledonian Mountains in Scandinavia, provide solid evidence for the former presence of very thick orogenic lithosphere and consequently the former presence of very high, Himalayan-type mountains in Scandinavia. In the final stage of the Caledonian Wilson Cycle we find geological evidence for orogenic collapse, eduction, and formation of large-scale extensional detachments and discuss how this complicated set of observations can explain how these rocks, once deeply buried under the vast Caledonian mountains, now can be studied at the Earth's surface. The final part of our Caledonian Wilson Cycle story ends with a visit to a spectacular outcrop of a major Post-Caledonian Normal Fault, the Lærdal-Gjende Fault, where we discuss the end of the Caledonian Wilson Cycle and discuss the initiation of a new, as witnessed by the renewed continental break-up and oceanic opening associated with the present-day North Atlantic Ocean and the Norwegian-Greenland Sea.
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Join us to discover the Wilson Cycle, one of the most fundamental concepts in geology. The “Wilson Cycle” explains the process of orogeny, which related to the formation of the world's large-scale mountain belts by a series geological events. The various elements of Wilson Cycle (and the Supercontinent Cycle, more broadly) have underpinned and inspired many of the research undertaken over the last 10 years at CEED.
Production, financial support and acknowledgements:
The Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics (CEED) at the University of Oslo (UiO), Norway.
License: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Professor Torgeir B. Andersen (CEED, UiO) and his former PhD students/Post Doc at CEED, Dr Hans-Jørgen Kjøll (now at IG-UiO) and Dr Johannes Jakob (now at NGU) guide us through the geotraverse and explained details of the geological observations.
Dr Valentina Magni (CEED, UiO) shows and explains some computer simulations to illustrate elements of Wilson Cycle Tectonics, such as subduction and Island-arc formation and eduction.
Dr Dougal Jerram (CEED, UiO) is the narrator, asks all the important questions and introduces and summarise explanations underway.
Assistant Professor Owen Anfinson (Sonoma State University, U.S.A) helped with skilful drone-piloting under the instruction of main photographer Andrew Blix, who together with Dougal Jerram have edited and produced the final four clips of our Wilson Cycle movie.
Norwegian Research Council's financial support to CEED and the Fri-Nat Project “Hyper-extension along the Pre-Caledonian margin of Baltica” together with the INTPART NOR-R-AM and NOR-R-AM2 "Changes at the Top of the World through Volcanism and Plate Tectonics: Arctic Norwegian-Russian-North American collaboration" project financed the film project.
SGC (Sunnfjord Geo-Centre) with Einar Alsaker is thanked for help and guidance during visit to the Staveneset copper mine. Knutholmen A/S w/Svein Fosse provided the boats used during filming.
We hope you have enjoyed the series!
In this episode, we visit several localities with spectacular eclogites in Western Norway. These provide the evidence for the former deep burial and formation of a very thick, Himalayan type continental crust during the Caledonian continental collision between Baltica and Laurentia. The association of exposed mantle-rocks and the eclogite facies minerals formed at high- and ultra-high pressure conditions at 405 to 395 million years ago during the burial under the Caledonian Mountains in Scandinavia, provide solid evidence for the former presence of very thick orogenic lithosphere and consequently the former presence of very high, Himalayan-type mountains in Scandinavia. In the final stage of the Caledonian Wilson Cycle we find geological evidence for orogenic collapse, eduction, and formation of large-scale extensional detachments and discuss how this complicated set of observations can explain how these rocks, once deeply buried under the vast Caledonian mountains, now can be studied at the Earth's surface. The final part of our Caledonian Wilson Cycle story ends with a visit to a spectacular outcrop of a major Post-Caledonian Normal Fault, the Lærdal-Gjende Fault, where we discuss the end of the Caledonian Wilson Cycle and discuss the initiation of a new, as witnessed by the renewed continental break-up and oceanic opening associated with the present-day North Atlantic Ocean and the Norwegian-Greenland Sea.
------
Join us to discover the Wilson Cycle, one of the most fundamental concepts in geology. The “Wilson Cycle” explains the process of orogeny, which related to the formation of the world's large-scale mountain belts by a series geological events. The various elements of Wilson Cycle (and the Supercontinent Cycle, more broadly) have underpinned and inspired many of the research undertaken over the last 10 years at CEED.
Production, financial support and acknowledgements:
The Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics (CEED) at the University of Oslo (UiO), Norway.
License: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Professor Torgeir B. Andersen (CEED, UiO) and his former PhD students/Post Doc at CEED, Dr Hans-Jørgen Kjøll (now at IG-UiO) and Dr Johannes Jakob (now at NGU) guide us through the geotraverse and explained details of the geological observations.
Dr Valentina Magni (CEED, UiO) shows and explains some computer simulations to illustrate elements of Wilson Cycle Tectonics, such as subduction and Island-arc formation and eduction.
Dr Dougal Jerram (CEED, UiO) is the narrator, asks all the important questions and introduces and summarise explanations underway.
Assistant Professor Owen Anfinson (Sonoma State University, U.S.A) helped with skilful drone-piloting under the instruction of main photographer Andrew Blix, who together with Dougal Jerram have edited and produced the final four clips of our Wilson Cycle movie.
Norwegian Research Council's financial support to CEED and the Fri-Nat Project “Hyper-extension along the Pre-Caledonian margin of Baltica” together with the INTPART NOR-R-AM and NOR-R-AM2 "Changes at the Top of the World through Volcanism and Plate Tectonics: Arctic Norwegian-Russian-North American collaboration" project financed the film project.
SGC (Sunnfjord Geo-Centre) with Einar Alsaker is thanked for help and guidance during visit to the Staveneset copper mine. Knutholmen A/S w/Svein Fosse provided the boats used during filming.
We hope you have enjoyed the series!
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The Wilson Cycle - Episode 3 - Ocean's Closing
มุมมอง 3.9K2 ปีที่แล้ว
The third of four episodes of "The Wilson Cycle" series. This is Episode 3: Closure of Major Oceans by Subduction. In this episode, we look at computer simulation of oceanic closure, island-arc and back-arc-basin formation by subduction and at the field-evidence for the initial intra-oceanic subduction-related formation of island-arc magmatism. We visit a large granodiorite formed by partial me...
The Wilson Cycle - Episode 2 - Ocean Opening
มุมมอง 5K2 ปีที่แล้ว
The second of four episodes of "The Wilson Cycle" series. This is Episode 2: Opening of large oceans by sea-floor spreading. In this episode, we have traversed west across the Caledonides in South Norway to look at the evidence for the former presence of oceanic crust that once was formed by sea-floor spreading within the Iapetus Ocean, which separated the two palaeo-continents Baltica and Laur...
The Wilson Cycle - Episode 1 - Rifting
มุมมอง 10K2 ปีที่แล้ว
The first of four episodes of "The Wilson Cycle" series. This is Episode 1: Rifting and Break-up of Continents. In this episode, we look at some of the geological evidence for the rifting and breaking-up of the Late-Proterozoic supercontinent known as Rodinia. This continental break-up resulted in the formation of the palaeo-continents Baltica and Laurentia. The continued rifting formed wide, a...
Earth's heat loss over time
มุมมอง 2493 ปีที่แล้ว
A new paper uses paleo-seafloor age grids and plate tectonic reconstructions to estimate variations in mantle heat loss since the mid-Paleozoic (400 Million years ago). Their results show that the Pacific mantle domain has lost heat at a much higher rate than its African counterpart since before the supercontinent Pangea (~ 370 Ma). Accounting for mantle heat sources, they inferred individual t...
LUSILAB - drone footage of the Lusi volcanic system in Indonesia
มุมมอง 2923 ปีที่แล้ว
Video by Adriano Mazzini (CEED, Uni. of Oslo/LUSILAB project). Lusi is the nickname of a volcanic/gas system that erupts water, oil, gas and mud and is located on the island of Java in Indonesia. It started to erupt in 2006 and, since then, has flow rate peaks of 180,000 m3/day (equivalent flow rate of around 8000 bathroom taps). The huge mud pool covering forced ~ 60,000 local residents to rel...
CEED New Year wishes 2020-2021
มุมมอง 6K4 ปีที่แล้ว
A compilation of 2021 new year's greetings from the multinational students and researchers of CEED. How do you say 'Happy New Year' in your language?
CLIPT Episode 5: Sediment and Soil Encapsulation
มุมมอง 1.1K4 ปีที่แล้ว
If you want to perform stable isotope analysis on materials with low amounts of organic material, you will need to load much larger amounts of bulk material into a tin capsule. In this video, I show you my technique on how to do this without the capsule bursting.
CLIPT Episode 4: Preparation of solid samples for analysis
มุมมอง 3.5K4 ปีที่แล้ว
Here, I guide you through the process of preparing solid organic carbon and nitrogen samples for stable isotope analysis using an elemental analyzer configured with our mass spectrometer.
CLIPT Episode 3: How a Stable Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer works
มุมมอง 12K4 ปีที่แล้ว
Here we describe the basic operating principle of the mass spectrometer we use in the CLIPT Lab: a gas source, electron impact, magnetic sector stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer. For a more detailed description of how a mass spectrometer works, check out "Principles of Stable Isotope Geochemistry" by Zachary Sharp. This is a free resource that can be downloaded from : digitalrepository.unm...
CLIPT Episode 2: How an Elemental Analyzer works
มุมมอง 17K4 ปีที่แล้ว
This video walks you through the analytical cycle for the Elemental Analyzer the workhorse of our lab. It explains how we quantitatively combust bulk organic samples, purify and separate the carbon dioxide and nitrogen gases, and send them to the stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer for stable isotope analysis.
CLIPT Episode 1: Introduction to stable isotopes and the CLIPT lab
มุมมอง 2.1K4 ปีที่แล้ว
The CLIPT (CLimate Interpretation of Plant Tissues) stable isotope lab is a joint infrastructure facility at UiO shared between the Departments of Geology and Biology. This first episode is a general introduction to stable isotopes and why we measure them. Funding for the CLIPT lab comes from the Research Council of Norway through its Centers of Excellence funding scheme, Project Number 223272 ...
The interaction of mantle plumes and the Earth's surface
มุมมอง 6K4 ปีที่แล้ว
New study by Arnould et al. (2020) looked at how mantle plumes interact with both the mantle flow and tectonic plates, using global numerical models self-generating plate-like behaviour. They also focused on the mobility/stability of mantle plumes and studied the physical mechanisms leading to their stability/mobility. The movie shows the temporal evolution of surface topography (left panel) an...
Paleo oceanic gateways and seafloor
มุมมอง 3654 ปีที่แล้ว
This movie shows reconstructed paleobathymetry and the motion of the tectonic plates back to 65 Million years ago (Ma). Insets include a zoom into several oceanic gateways. This is a supplementary video to the publication by Straume et al. (2020). Video from Straume, Gaina, Medvedev, Nisancioglu (2020) Global Cenozoic Paleobathymetry with a focus on the Northern Hemisphere Oceanic Gateways. Gon...
TracTec: oceanic basin age grid algorithm
มุมมอง 1984 ปีที่แล้ว
This video showcases, TracTec, a recently developed an Python-based algorithm that automatically generates grids of the seafloor age (Karlsen et al. [2020] Computers and Geosciences). The animation runs from 400 Million years ago (Ma) to present-day (0 Ma). Link to paper: www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0098300419308325 The authors’ novel reconstructions of seafloor age and correspon...
AGU Arctic Chapman Conference - Selfoss 2019
มุมมอง 815 ปีที่แล้ว
AGU Arctic Chapman Conference - Selfoss 2019
The Making of Norway - 500 Million years of tectonics and mantle convection
มุมมอง 4K5 ปีที่แล้ว
The Making of Norway - 500 Million years of tectonics and mantle convection
My lab its just staring its journey with IRMS with no experience with elemental analyzer, this series has been very useful. Thanks for the video!
I am so glad you made an issue ofthose drill holes both times. To me it is pure vandalism. One can only hope those responsible have watched this series and now feel ashamed.
Wait till Rio Tinto gets tneir hands on that mine. Will be gone in 6 months.
Great stuff
Wonderful
Very educational
Excellent
Very well presented
Thank you Fabio!
muy didactica la explicación
why claim its sea crust the outer most edge may have been once covered by seawater with its shells n crustations showing so but that was a the distint evidence showing the properties of that you were stood upon a gian petrified tree of plant cellulose fed structures now the surface is the land and going off out under the sea. then the mine as i say above may once possibly of been covered by sea but the mines inner is reminisant of that of yet again a plant tree/ cellulose layered hexagonal forms that with absorbtion of compounds in elements of water and earth silica carbon all of them transfer transfuse into layers between the stucture then grow matrix's crystaline mineralisation like metals and quartzite and other s carrired by water saturared with them grow into pegmatites.maybe with extreme radiated particle rays from atmospheric and luna solar events of heat and plasma . BUT....weird how modern day volcanos... iceland hawai Forgot the memo about our indocturnated majikal hex lego lava with coloumns like giants causeway or devils tower
Annoying how mr floppy hat interrupts his guest every time they are about to finish a sentence. egotist…
like he gave it away looks like broken matches. the brickwork type rock is wood turn stone remnants of titanic trees cut ripped pushed cruched moved by water and ice §ee coastlines for tree formations from a biblical event that wud seem to of happened worldwide at one time with smaller representsations coming later in the timeline which is found above initial level of that layer of destruction from flood waters elsewhere was devaststing fire's and from the heat source to cause trees plants animals man and beast to burn the earth itself was scorched with mountains to bedrock boulders + stones to pebbles + sand, along with brickwork, stone buildings melted + vitrified able to to turning anything in it's path into glass and obsidian.~☆joedog☆~
Your gradient studies are absolutely brilliant! Thanks, Fabio!
Thank you- wonderful series!
amazing
From Jake hossack (retired geologist). Great to revisit my early life as an academic geologist who mapped in Norway 1962 - 1977 and see outcrops that were discovered after I left. Also lovely to see again torgeir whom I met on a field trip in western Norway in late 1980 ‘ s. I was one of the early people to describe the Devonian extensional collapse of the Caledonian’s. Now at 84 am no longer able to see rock outcrops but enjoy watching others do it for me. Wish I had watched the series sooner. Jake
did the mantle material come to the surface as "volcanic" extrusions or by simply uplift, being pushed up from below? (a Canadian geologist)
Good video. Tho the host needs to STOP INTERRUPTING.
And less of the dramatic music.
wonderful tour, nice guides 👍
always better to be with 1 who knows than 2 searching . Amazing story
he has great guides!
Fantastic series, thank you
Not having any background in geology, it's amazing to me the stories rocks can tell. Great series thanks!
The Wilson Effect: Open- close- collision- collapse- And there it was, gone. Mate stop with this nonsense, your embarrassing yourself.
I was studying about the geology of my state in class and I was looking for a documentary about the process of the Earth's passage through the Wilson cycle and I found this perfect series, I loved it a lot and I recommended it to my teacher to recommend to my colleagues because it's incredible to better understand what we see in class in real life, congratulations to everyone for that ❤🇧🇷
Wonderful series! Thank you
The link in the description is dead
Brilliant series! Thanks :)
How many places around the world can you find the whole Wilson Cycle in such a relatively small area?
Very convenient to have the whole unbroken Wilson Cycle within a single small country.
I have to go look up what were the mining techniques all those years ago
very good thanks
I’m pretty sure Joe Biden crapped himself in this region. Hence why the rifting.
St Wilson Patron Saint of Plate Tectonics
Thoroughly enjoyed this whole series
That is amazing!
Fantastic! I’m not super familiar with this area of the world but I can see how this applies to the Pacific Northwest, with the passive margin from the pulling apart of Rodinia and then the accretionary rocks as new terranes are added. Excellent presentation
Excelent virtual class. Here in Cuiabá, Mt Brazil we can see beautiful Tilites from the same time (600 Ma)
If we want to analyze h isotopes then what do we do?
Wait, this video is in reverse right ?
No, this is an alternate future of earth's plate tectonics. If you look in the top left it shows the time going up, not down.
Very interesting! Thank you for a great series!
NICE EXPLANATION. tHANK YOU!
wonderfull! Eclogite!
awesome!
Thank you for sharing the link. I found it really useful cause to me it wasn't clear the relations between measured and desired isotopic ratios. For example, how does the IRMS software derive the isotope relations from delta 45, 46, 47... given there are 9 isotopologues.
You're a life saver ! I'm definitely gonna use this for my exam. Thank you!
Really well done and impressive series! It also doubles as a tourist ad for Norway. Scenery is outstanding.
Btw- do you have a date on those metaperidotites? Thx
The Honsehagen looks pretty comfy.